Like most people said, consuming small amounts of substrate such as aspen will not cause a problem.
Snakes can digest whole prey items (bones, fur, teeth, etc..)with ease. A bit of substrate stuck to the prey should easily be digested as well.
One correction to this, most substrates are cellulose based (wood, paper, etc) and so are not digestible. They may pass through just fine, but they are NOT digested.