#4- outside, under the tank between the glass & the UTH-
And then you STILL need to let it run for preferably a few days to a week to stabilize with empty tank set up how it will be (substrate etc), AND double check temps INSIDE with an accurate temp. gun every place the snake may possibly touch to ensure no surface is too hot- (yes, even UNDER substrate, because they can or eventually WILL burrow or push it aside). You want to keep the warmest heat under 90*- some go with 88* or up to 91*, but in the 90's is risky for burn injuries for snakes- some, esp. BPs, don't seem to know when to move away.
You never want the probe INSIDE any enclosure, because it will get moved or damaged by the snake, which can lead to disaster. Just imagine what happens if the snake dumps the cold water bowl on it...for example. There goes the temperature control you're relying on.