Also if you filled a 5 gal pail 3 weeks ago and haven't used it thats to much water to be stagnant. That can contribute to urinary track problems because of bacteria growth. I would not use a bucket with more than a weeks water.
If its a auto fill have a smaller amount (smaller bucket) to be replace more often.
Having fresh water is the key to rats thats have UTI or bad immune systems.


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