an on/off thermostat usually has a 2° Δ (delta) which means, if the thermostat is set to 90°, it will run full blast until it hits 92°, then shut off until 88° F, and repeat. these cheap thermostats are, well, cheap, and are not made to run at these full-blast and quit conditions all day long for years like we need and are prone to fail under these conditions. since they don't have an internal safety relay to tell it that something is wrong, it will fail and run full blast 100% and cook the animal.
a proportional thermostat adjust the power output; instead of running at either 100% or 0% (i.e. on/off) it runs at 15%-45% all the time. it also can tell itself if something is wrong and turn off, instead of just running on.