Snakes don't die because of one regurge.
The snake did not regurge because the prey item was frozen a little on the inside.
Until the OP necropsies the animal, the cause will be unknown.
Sometimes, RIs are the result of a more serious systemic illness. The immune system becomes compromised to the point where normal gram negative bacteria proliferate unchecked and an RI is born.
This systemic illness may be gastric in nature, renal in nature, protozoal in nature, viral in nature, etc. Without a necropsy, the OP will never know.