"After some hard thinking it seems closer to 1/2 a foot for 450 cm?"
Yes, one sq foot is about 930 sq cm or exactly 144 sq inches. A 10g tank is 200 sq inches/1250cm2, so that lab recommendation puts 3 rats in a 10g. That's a bit snug, IMO. Somewhere in between the lab recommendation and the pet recommendation would be where I'd aim.