That really does look (& sound) as if he regurgitated an undigestible wad of rodent hair. The reason it didn't smell horrible (as regurgitations normally do) is because all the tissues were digested out of the prey he consumed- it's just hair stuck together with saliva. Yes, I'd wait longer, before feeding smaller prey.

What are his temps. (highest & lowest) in his enclosure? Check with an accurate device to make sure he has adequate warmth to digest- this should not have been regurgitated, it still should have went out the other way. Does he seem bloated at all? -above his cloaca, is he puffy-looking? -or are there any hard lumps (feel gently above his cloaca) or swollen areas?

Double check his humidity too- digestion requires good hydration.