Even the scales that are "not really punctured" to the naked eye might be very susceptible to infection now. Snakes have been known to get infections from microscopic scratches made to the skin between their scales EVEN by being kept (improperly) on sand, so I'd say there's a far better chance of those tiny scratches from a cat being significant (problematic) & in need of medical care.
Good that you tried to rinse the worst part, & for replacing his substrate with paper towels.But it's important that he be on antibiotics now, not just topical wound care, IMO.