Yes, I'm in the U.S.The reason I have an extra closet rod in my garage is that it came home with me from a garage sale. It's not pine, it's some kind of hard wood.
(too heavy to be pine!) Some people remodel their closets & go with wire shelving...you could also try a free "want ad" locally. Older houses have hard wood rods...
Also, even a pine rod could be made safe by coating with non- or low-VOC polyurethane or water-proofing (from hardware store). Once dry, the wood won't be absorbing
"cage dirt" either.That's a health benefit.
Texture: you could wrap it with rope (or something else) & secure it (keep in mind rope would get dirty in time but could be replaced), or you could beat up ("distress")
the surface using a saw or drill or whatever to add some irregular damage* like grooves...and then coat (seal) the wood.(*obviously, don't leave any splinters sticking out)