What I like to do is this (whether on tub, cage or any enclosure)
I position the probe on the heat tape, fasten it with tape so it stays where I want it to stay.
Than I fasten the heat tape to the enclosure, so that the probe is in between the enclosure and the tape.
Last thing I fasten a thin sheet of styrofoam on the bottom of all this, to keep the heat tape insulated and off of whatever the enclosure is sitting on.
So basically its enclosure, probe, heat tape, styrofoam. Everything stays nicely in place and where I want it to stay, and its nicely insulated.