RIs (Repiratory Infections) are actually the generic term for a few different types of infection. Bacteria, viruses, fungi, and even parasites can cause them. This is why it is typically recommended to see a vet if you suspect an infection of this type. The course of treatment can vary depending on the actual cause.
The best way to avoid them is to:
- Know where your animals are coming from. The more you know about where your new animal is coming from, the more confidence you can have that the animal will arrive healthy.
- Quarantine ALL new arrivals. Regardless of where a new arrival comes from, do not house a new addition with your existing collection until it proves itself to be healthy.
- Don't take proper husbandry for granted. Many times infections accompany subpar conditions - dirty environments and/or improper temperature/humidity levels.