A regurgitation is incredibly hard on a snake's digestive system. It needs time to heal before offering food again. I wouldn't offer another meal for three weeks, and then make it a half-sized meal even though the snake is painfully thin. You're looking at a mouse hopper at most.
Wait two weeks to make sure everything is ok. If your snake keeps down the mouse hopper then offer another one and wait a week. If that stays down then offer a small adult mouse the following week.
Over time you can slowly build your snake back up to normal prey size every week, 10-15% of its body weight until it reaches 500 grams, and then a small rat every week or so after that.
Also I would strongly recommend getting a powdered reptile probiotic called NutriBAC. You can buy it at TheBeanFarm.com and it's inexpensive. Dust a little of it on the damp feeder to help re-establish your snake's good gut flora.
Finally, if your vet didn't take a fecal sample to test for parasites then get that done ASAP. It's not expensive and if the snake is stopped up with worms or it has cryptosporidia that will show up on the test. Both of those conditions can cause regurgitation, and while this instance was probably caused by a too-large feeder, you will want to rule those out.