Yes, snakes can die in plenty of different ways from feeding. A few more to add, too large of prey can take too long to digest, leading to problems with rot in the stomach. Another thing I saw on retic nation was a guy who fed two or three larger sized prey items and one didnt make it into the stomach all the way, it bloated the snake very severely. I'm not sure if the animal survived or not but it was in very critical condition.