Dimmers can work in a pinch but they are not ideal. A dimmer is dumb and does not know when the temp in the cage rises or falls. It delivers the same amount of power to the uth at all times so if your room temp goes up your uth temp is going to go up, maybe to a critical temp. The tstat on the other hand knows that the temp changed and adjust accordingly to keep your animals safe.
A good tstat is the best and most important thing to have when keeping reptiles. Dont be cheap and don't cut corners. Try to do it right the first time.