The under tank heater does not go inside the tank. It goes under the tank. The tank does not sit flat on the table it has an air gap. This gives the room it needs for the probe. You can glue or tape the probe but don't place it on the probe sensor, instead attach the write to the heater. Placing it on the probe itself can cause the probe to be insulated causing you tstat to maybe not work right.
The substrate over the heater needs to be no deeper than a quarter inch. The rest of the tank can be as thick as you like it. Mine is about an inch and a half.