What it does, is certain surfaces give off different IR heat signatures based on how shiny or flat they are. For example a very reflective metal would need a lower Emissity level. The device should have level written on the side if it's not changeable (looks like a weird E, most of the ones that can't be changed will have a level of .95) Some devices can change their level. For example when I set mine to .90 it shows 90 degrees when I point at my forehead, when I set it to .98 (The manual says .98 for human skin) it shows a temp of 98.9 that's a 9 degree difference because my head isn't shiny enough to give an accurate reading at .90