How long have you had him? He may just be afraid of the "big, scary human trying to kill him".
It is a bit difficult to cause a yearling/juvenile BP to become hefty from over feeding. I believe they have faster metabolisms than older BPs, which is why a 4-5 day feeding schedule is fine. Being that he was underfed in the pet store for an undetermined amount of time, you of course would not want to stress his digestive system by suddenly cramming him with constant large meals. However, he can probably handle prey larger than small mice. It'd be good to get a weight on him to be sure of what size prey he could handle. Have you compared the girth of the small mouse (at about its hips) to the girth of your snake at its widest point? If it is the same size or smaller than your snakes girth you may want to just slightly up the size of prey you offer.
Hopefully I am correct here, someone may correct me if I am wrong.