There’s an easy way to tell if your rats have bred and are potentially prego. Hold the rat by the base of the tail and use a clean, sterile probe and gently push down on the lower end of the rat’s vagina. If the female has been bred recently you will see a sperm plug (white, milky substance in the opening). This doesn`t guarantee that she is pregnant but if there a plug there’s a good chance.
This method works great if you pull prego females, just check for a plug the morning after the female is introduced to the male. If there’s a plug pull her, if not leave her in and check again the next morning. Rats with fresh plugs will give birth in 21-23 days. If a male isn’t producing any plugs it might be time to replace him.
I know this may sound like rat porn but it’s the way the pros do it.