On many of the species that require extreme basking temperatures, that was the research data collected on the species in the wild. As another poster already stated, certain ground surfaces absorb heat. Wait until it hits summer and go out in the middle of an asphalt road with a temperature gun, you'd be surprised how hot it gets. These are just the places these animals choose to bask too; rocks, sand, dirt roads, etc.
I'd also like to point out that some of these animals only start being able to digest at 100-105 degrees. Meaning the temperatures are important to their digestive tract as well.
Place the same species that requires high basking in two different settings, one with a basking of 100 and the other with 130, see which on is an overall healthier and happier animal, grows faster, eats more, and is more active.
When you are dealing with the word of more advanced hobbiest, they don't just pull this information out of a hat. I mean, seriously..who wants a more expensive electric bill? I spend an average of $80 a month on electric cost because I want to provide the best possible environment for my animals as possible. I understand it's inconvenient to bring temperatures up to such an extreme, but if you are unable to do so, avoid the animal and get one that is better suited for you and your lifestyle.
Hope this helps.
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