It's a genetic defect that causes death in almost all cases before they reach 2 years old. Most breeders will cull them because of this fatal defect.
Breeders think a mutation (genetic copying mistake) in a recessive gene causes the problem. These feather duster mutants carry some strains of Budgerigar Herpesvirus that arent found in normal budgies, experts dont know whether the virus plays a role in this genetic problem. their bodies divert precious nutrients and energy into continual feather growth, these mutant birds suffer severe muscle wasting. Most die after 4 to 8 months. a typical budgie lifespan is from six to 14 years.