I don't ship below about 30 degrees. I always use a 3/4" thick styro box with one 40hr heat pack taped to the lid and not touching the snake. I actually ususally try to put the heat pack in the opposite corner from where the snake is. Depending on the temps I poke anywhere from 1-4 holes with a screwdriver in the box. I have never had any problems.
Are you sure they were hand warmers and not the proper heat packs? They don't really look all that different. Were the heat packs still warm when you opened the box? I would ask your vet how many snakes he has ever shipped. I would never put a heat pack in direct contact with the deli cup a snake was in.