Their bodies are very efficient and can use almost all of the available water to meet its needs. When water is scarce, their "urine" comes out as that dried, chalky stuff. When they are well hydrated, you'll also see lots of liquid urine as well as some of the urates.
Hmm... so does that me he may be dehydrated? I change his water and clean the bowl every 4-5 days and top it up with fresh water daily.