NEW Question! Genetics Albino+Axanthic

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Originally Posted by BaLLPAddICT

how could an albino be aaXX? doesnt the x stand for axanthic? wouldnt that mean that its half albino half axanthic

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Yes the "x" stands for axanthic, but the "X" (capital) stands for normal.
To review,

AAXX = normal
aaXX = albino
AAxx = axanthic.
AaXx = double het (carriers for both traits)
aaxx = snow (double homozygous recessive)

Remember that the capital letters represent the normal genes, and the lower case represent the recessive genes. Even though the albino isn't even a carrier for the axanthic gene, it does has the normal genes at that loci. You still need to represent what genes it is carrying for that trait (normal ones) because it is a cross involving two traits.

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Originally Posted by BaLLPAddICT

..say i just bought an albino and an axanthic ball and were to make a punnett square to find out the offspring.. how would i know which genes or traits to put for each parent?

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No real need to make a punnet square for this cross. An albino can ONLY give an albino gene for the albino trait (a), and ONLY give a normal gene for the axanthic trait (X), so it will pass on aX. Since the axanthic animal can ONLY give a normal gene for the albino trait (A) and ONLY give an axanthic gene for the axanthic trait (x), it will pass on Ax. Therefore all of the offspring will be AaXx.

Read this post about sexual reproduction and inheritance too. It may help you grasp why the punnet square works how it does.

-Evan

Ok thank you VERY VERY much. I think I'm getting this now! Is the wild-type the only dominant form? So all capitals are normal genes right? YAY I understand now! LOL

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Originally Posted by BaLLPAddICT

Ok thank you VERY VERY much. I think I'm getting this now! Is the wild-type the only dominant form? So all capitals are normal genes right? YAY I understand now! LOL

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No problem! :D You're almost there! The dominant gene is the capital letter, and wild type (AKA normal) is dominant over the recessive traits (albino, axanthic, clown, hypo etc.), so is represented by the capital letter in crosses involving recessive traits. Those traits that are dominant/codominant are just that; dominant over wild type, so crosses involving these traits the capital letter represents the morph gene.

-Evan

uhh a little confused again lol

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Originally Posted by BaLLPAddICT

uhh a little confused again lol

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First a quick def.

Allele-Verison of a gene, an organism can carry only two alleles for each gene loci.

Second realize that....

Ball Python morphs are simply abberant gene mutations that affect the appearance of the organism.

Third.....

Wild-type or normal is just an appearance( in genetics we call this a phenotype) Phenotypes like the normal appearance of ball pythons depend on a number of gene loci. A mutation at an one of those loci can make the organism look different than wild-type.

The three main relationship between different gene verisons--dominant, recessive, or codominant--is determined by looking at an organism that is heterzygous at that particular trait locus.

At some of loci, the Wild-type version masks/hides the effect of the mutant verison--i.e. you see the animal as normal looking despite the fact that it carries the mutant allele. In such a stituation this means the wild-type version (or allele) is dominant over the mutant allele. In Ball pythons an example of this is albino. Het or carriers of the albino allele appear to us as normal looking ball-pythons.

In the case of dominant mutant...the wild-type allele at another locus is being masked by the mutant allele. This means that you only need to carry one copy of the mutant gene to look different than normal.

Finally, co-dominant animals are similar to dominant animals in that you only need to carry one copy of mutant gene to look different. However, in the case of co-dominants if you carry two mutant genes (i.e. you are homozygous dominant) you look different than the carrier (the het.).

For example, pastel BPs are produced when an animal has one Pastel allele and one normal allele. This organism is a het because it has two different alleles. But with dominant and co-dominant mutations the het looks visually different.

Now a Super-Pastel has two pastel alleles. Since an organism can only carry a pair of alleles for each and every gene locus (remember we are diploid-Evan explained this in his link) it has all the alleles it can carry for the pastel locus. Having two pastel allele provides a double dose of pastel and makes you look different han a BP with only a single dose of Pastel (the het or carrier which we just call a Patel).

Hope that helps.

thank you, but that didnt make much sense to me. ill read over it again lol