I don't use dry food (crumbles in the bottom of the rat block bag) unless I am going away and don't want their food to mold or I having a lot of mold and humidity issues in the bin. I would pair dry food with water crystals so they have a food and moisture source.
That said, I do not ever feed dry because then I would have to buy (spend money) on water crystals.
I mix the crumbles at the bottom of the rat block bag with water until it is a little thicker than applesauce. Food and water source in one. Fruits and vegetables are a food and water source in one. You can use dog food... you can use pretty much anything. Oranges! They love oranges. Varied diet will be best for the roaches and best for your geckos.
They can definitely live without food for a few weeks if I had to guess. Water, maybe a week? I may have to do trials on this, BUT, if you forget to feed or water, they will be fine if you are away on a week vacation.
Keep them dark, keep them warm, keep them fed, keep them mold free and you will have a colony before you know it.